In Aotearoa New Zealand, supporting survivors of domestic and sexual violence includes
culturally resonant approaches that honour Māori values. Kaitiakitanga, embodying guardianship
and stewardship, provides a powerful framework for bicultural social work. By integrating this
concept into support systems, practitioners foster cultural safety and empowerment for Māori
survivors. This model has shown measurable success in New Zealand and offers valuable insights
for indigenous-focused services globally.
Understanding Kaitiakitanga in Social Work
Kaitiakitanga extends beyond environmental stewardship to encompass the holistic guardianship
of people and communities. In social work, it emphasizes interconnected well-being, aligning with
indigenous worldviews that prioritise community and cultural identity in the healing process. This
approach has proven effective in addressing the unique needs of Māori survivors.
Culturally Informed Safety Planning
Safety planning incorporates Māori cultural contexts, recognizing the importance of
whānau (extended family) and hapū (sub-tribe) in providing support. By engaging these
networks, survivors regain a sense of security and belonging. For example, many
organizations now encourage the involvement of marae (community meeting grounds)
as safe spaces for decision-making and refuge
Trauma-Informed Care with a Bicultural Lens
Practitioners address trauma through a bicultural lens, acknowledging the
intergenerational impact of colonization and systemic inequities on Māori communities.
Services prioritize cultural safety by respecting Māori protocols (tikanga) and creating
spaces where survivors feel heard and empowered.
Strengthening Whānau and Community Connections
Social workers facilitate reconnection with whānau, iwi (tribes), and cultural practices,
such as haka (ceremonial dance) or rongoā Māori (traditional healing methods). These
connections bolster identity and resilience, critical components of the healing process.
Collaborative Decision-Making
Aligning with the principle of tino rangatiratanga (self-determination), practitioners
engage survivors and their whānau in every stage of planning. This collaborative
approach respects the mana (authority) of the individual, fostering empowerment and
ownership of their recovery journey.
Cultural Competency Development
Continuous learning about te ao Māori (the Māori worldview), language, and traditions
ensures social workers remain culturally responsive. Training programs such as those
provided by Te Wānanga o Aotearoa emphasize the importance of integrating Māori
values into professional practice.
Effectiveness of Kaitiakitanga in Bicultural Social Services
Research supports the integration of kaitiakitanga into bicultural social services. A 2019 study
published in the Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work Journal found that culturally aligned practices
significantly improve survivor outcomes by fostering trust and engagement. Survivors reported
higher satisfaction with services that incorporated Māori values and noted a stronger sense of
safety and cultural validation.
Another report by Te Puni Kōkiri (Ministry of Māori Development) highlighted that Māori-led
initiatives emphasizing kaitiakitanga and whānau support demonstrated measurable success in
reducing re-victimization and improving long-term well-being. The research underscores that
when Māori survivors feel their cultural identity is acknowledged and respected, they are more
likely to engage with and benefit from support services.
Conclusion
The integration of kaitiakitanga into bicultural social work in New Zealand exemplifies a culturally
grounded approach that addresses the unique needs of Māori survivors. This model not only
enhances survivor outcomes but also provides a roadmap for supporting Indigenous populations
worldwide. The effectiveness of kaitiakitanga, validated by research, demonstrates the
importance of culturally informed care in fostering healing and resilience.
For more information on kaitiakitanga and its applications, resources such as the New Zealand Social Work Journal and Te Puni Kōkiri Reports offer valuable insights. You can also download this Supervision Research.
Sir Ray will be creating a Vlog interviewing global thought leaders in the domestic violence and sexual
violence prevention and rehabilitation sectors. If you would be interested in being interviewed, please
contact gavin@helpathand.org.nz
